基于赋时Petri网的自动测试系统建模

提出了利用赋时Petri网(Tim ed Petri Net)对自动测试系统建模和性能分析的方法。采用启发式算法,对系统的可达树进行搜索,实现测试序列的优化,不仅降低了计算的复杂度,而且获得了满意的并行度,提高了自动测试系统的测试效率。     

基于启发式算法的复杂军事网络路径优化

使用一种启发式算法,使得复杂网络中最大介数最小化,可以达到接近最优化的路径,以改善复杂网络的信息容量。针对海上编队作战系统复杂网络的平均介数、最大介数与网络大小、迭代次数、介数分布情况的仿真发现,复杂网络容量超出比对文献中理论预测的最大值,这对于解决复杂军事网络的拥塞,提高复杂军事网络容量和作战效能重大意义。     

Dynamic pricing and replenishment: Optimality,bounds, and asymptotics

In many applications, managers face the problem of replenishing and selling products during a finite time horizon. We investigate the problem of making dynamic and joint decisions on product replenishment and selling in order to improve profit. We consider a backlog scenario in which penalty cost (resulting from fulfillment delay) and accommodation cost (resulting from shortage at the end of the selling horizon) are incurred. Based on continuous‐time and discrete‐state dynamic programming, we study the optimal joint decisions and characterize their structural properties. We establish an upper bound for the optimal expected profit and develop a fluid policy by resorting to the deterministic version of the problem (ie, the fluid problem). The fluid policy is shown to be asymptotically optimal for the original stochastic problem when the problem size is sufficiently large. The static nature of the fluid policy and its lack of flexibility in matching supply with demand motivate us to develop a “target‐inventory” heuristic, which is shown, numerically, to be a significant improvement over the fluid policy. Scenarios with discrete feasible sets and lost‐sales are also discussed in this article.     

孔子与苏格拉底思想比较研究

孔子和苏格拉底分别被誉为东西方的伦理学之父，作为轴心时代的文化英雄，他们的思想言行对后世产生了巨大的影响，例如孔子对中国重史、伦理本位及注入式教学等的影响，苏格拉底对西方理性、平等、自由及启发式教学的影响等。在当下时代，东西方文化都遇到了较大的困境，需要在碰撞与融合中获得新生。     

中学英语启发式语法教学探索与实践

当前中学英语语法教学仍采用传统的教学方法，从而忽视了学生学习主体性、经验性和能动性。本研究提出将启发式教学方法运用于中学英语语法课堂教学实践之中，并通过建构中学英语启发式教学的5阶段，即预备阶段、提示阶段、联想阶段、统合阶段及应用阶段，试图激发学生积极参与教学活动意识，促进师生及生生间的互动，提高英语语法课堂教学质量。     

Level workforce planning for multistage transfer lines

In this article, we define two different workforce leveling objectives for serial transfer lines. Each job is to be processed on each transfer station for c time periods (e.g., hours). We assume that the number of workers needed to complete each operation of a job in precisely c periods is given. Jobs transfer forward synchronously after every production cycle (i.e., c periods). We study two leveling objectives: maximin workforce size () and min range (R). Leveling objectives produce schedules where the cumulative number of workers needed in all stations of a transfer line does not experience dramatic changes from one production cycle to the next. For and a two‐station system, we develop a fast polynomial algorithm. The range problem is known to be NP‐complete. For the two‐station system, we develop a very fast optimal algorithm that uses a tight lower bound and an efficient procedure for finding complementary Hamiltonian cycles in bipartite graphs. Via a computational experiment, we demonstrate that range schedules are superior because not only do they limit the workforce fluctuations from one production cycle to the next, but they also do so with a minor increase in the total workforce size. We extend our results to the m‐station system and develop heuristic algorithms. We find that these heuristics work poorly for min range (R), which indicates that special structural properties of the m‐station problem need to be identified before we can develop efficient algorithms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 577–590, 2016     

带数据传输的光学卫星成像调度系统关键技术研究

针对光学小卫星成像调度系统设计需求,考虑侧视、存储容量、能量和数据传输等复杂约束,面向小规模问题应用,设计了问题求解流程.建立了顶点和边都带权的成像约束图模型,并提出了基于标记更新最短路算法的复杂约束成像卫星调度算法解决成像方案生成过程;对数传方案生成过程,给出背包模型并采用带回看策略的贪婪启发式方法进行问题求解.实验结果表明,该方法是可行和适用的.     

Tilting at windmills: The flawed U.S. policy toward the 1971 Indo-Pakistani war

ABSTRACT

This article examines decision-making mistakes made by U.S. President Nixon and national security advisor Kissinger during the 1971 India-Pakistan crisis and war. It shows that Nixon and Kissinger routinely demonstrated psychological biases that led them to overestimate the likelihood of West Pakistani victory against Bengali rebels as well as the importance of the crisis to broader U.S. policy. The evidence fails to support Nixon and Kissinger’s own framing of the 1971 crisis as a contest between cool-headed realpolitik and idealistic humanitarianism, and instead shows that Kissinger and Nixon’s policy decisions harmed their stated goals because of repeated decision-making errors.     

导航卫星上行注入任务调度模型及启发式算法

合理安排导航卫星与地面上注站星地链路构建与导航电文上注,对保证星上导航电文的准确性和精确性有着重要意义。对卫星导航系统上行注入过程进行了分析,构建了上行注入任务调度问题的多目标混合整数规划模型,设计了基于规则的启发式求解算法。基于北斗二代和美国的GPS卫星导航系统构建仿真场景,仿真结果验证了模型和算法的正确性、可行性;通过分析仿真结果,得到影响卫星导航系统上行注入任务完成的关键因素。     

多传感器任务分派的快速启发式规划新算法

在多目标多传感器管理中经常采用的线性规划算法中,随着传感器个数和目标个数的增加,计算量会爆炸式增长,使得跟踪系统不能实时计算,为此,根据传感器管理中线性规划的特点,提出了一种快速启发式算法,考虑组合中的传感器个数将组合的分配效用转化为权重,递推分配权重最大的组合,逐步减小组合和目标的个数.证明了权重最大的组合分派能实现组合中的传感器的最大效用.仿真结果表明该算法在与采用线性规划方法的跟踪精度相当的情况下,能有效地减小计算量.